具有运动补偿高精度海洋气象多参数模拟仪的研制

针对船舶气象仪的综合检查过程中检测周期长、人工排查效率低以及传统的自动气象站传感器信号模拟器的模拟精度低,没有相关运动补偿算法导致此类系统不适应海洋船舶应用环境的问题,对气象要素传感器的高精度信号采样电路、信号输出、软件滤波和运动补偿等方面进行了研究。通过分析传感器和船舶气象仪的原理,设计了各个气象参数的采样电路、信号模拟电路、触摸屏、GPS和电子罗盘采样与模拟电路,并在近海测试过程中进行了运动补偿模型测试,并基于STM32微控制器进行了该仪器的系统检测实验。研究测试结果表明：该系统具有低功耗、高可靠性、高精度的特点,能应用于海上环境,同时具有对船舶实时定位、气象要素实时模拟和采集、运动补偿多项功能。并且本系统精度在运动补偿后,系统测量方差为0.019 3 m/s,精度提高至接近真实值,均符合《海洋调查规范第3部分：海洋气象观测》的标准。

Development of a high-precision marine meteorological multi-parameter simulator with motion compensation

In view of shortcomings such as a long detection cycle, low manual inspection efficiency, low simulation accuracy, and lack of relevant motion compensation algorithms, traditional automatic weather station sensor signal simulators are not suitable for a comprehensive inspection process of marine ship weather instruments. Moreover, these simulators require a motion compensation algorithm to adapt to a ship''s environment. This work studies the high-precision signal sampling circuit, signal output, software filtering, and motion compensation of the meteorological element sensor. The analysis of the principles of sensors and shipborne weather instruments enables the design of the sampling circuit, signal simulation circuit, touch screen, GPS and electronic compass sampling, and simulation circuit of various meteorological parameters. A motion compensation model test is performed during the offshore test. Simultaneously, instrument function and precision tests are performed. Research and test results show that the system has a low power consumption, high reliability, and high precision and can be applied to the marine environment. Moreover, it has the functions of real-time positioning of ships, real-time simulation and collection of meteorological elements, and motion compensation. After the motion compensation algorithm, the measurement variance of the wind speed is 0.0193 m/s, and the accuracy is improved close to the real value, which is in line with the standards of "Marine Survey Specification Part 3:Marine Meteorological Observation."