A spreadsheet method of estimating best-fit hydraulic gradients using head data from multiple wells |
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Authors: | Devlin J F |
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Institution: | Geology Department, University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Blvd., Lawrence, KS 66045;(785) 864–4994, fax (785) 864–5276; |
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Abstract: | Hydraulic gradients from planar water tables, or piezometric surfaces, and horizontal flow regimes can be quickly and conveniently calculated from data sets involving numerous wells. The matrix-solving functions of a modem spreadsheet program (Excel) were used to determine the equation of a water-table plane, Ax + By + Cz - D = 0, and the equation coefficients were then used to determine the magnitude of the hydraulic gradient, according to gradient = square root of A2 + B2/C2, and its direction, according to alpha = arctan B/A, where alpha is the angle measured from the x-axis. A pre-prepared Excel file constructed to handle data from up to 20 wells at once is available for free downloading at www.geo.ku.edu/hydro/KUHydro.html. |
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