农商部地质调查局始末考

中国地质调查事业始于民国。1913年地质调查所正式成立,直至1950年裁撤,30余年间一直是中国地质学家的大本营。1916年初,地质调查所重新改组为地质调查局,并在行政上直接隶属农商部。同年夏天,地质研究所学生毕业后入地质调查局工作,成为地质调查局主要成员。1916年底,地质调查局被裁撤,又恢复地质调查所,但此后工作形式与机构管理均与调查局时期无太大变化。地质调查局因存在时间较短,加之史料不多,以往著述着墨不多。本文以《农商公报》、《政府公报》及地质调查局相关原始材料为基础,考察地质调查局成立始末、机构设置、人员组成及早期进行的地质调查工作。认为地质调查局的成立是中国地质学者建立独立地质调查专门机构的一次尝试。

Study on the Bureau of Geological Survey,Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce

The geological survey in China began in the 1910s.The Geological Survey of China was formally established in 1913,and had been the home of Chinese geologists for more than 30 years until its abolition in 1950.At the beginning of 1916,the old.Geological Section in the Bureau of Mines was reorganized into an independent Bureau of Geological Survey with a separate building and a separate budget,and was directly under the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce in administration.In the summer of the same year,the students in the School of Geology graduated and were appointed as junior members.At the end of 1916,the Bureau of Geological Survey was abolished and the Geological Survey was restored,but very little change had taken place since that date.Due to the short existence of the Bureau of Geological Survey and the lack of historical materials,there is little systematic research in the previous work.Based on the Journal of the Agricultural and Commercial,the Government Gazette and other relevant original materials,this article investigates the historical evolution of the Bureau of Geological Survey and the early geological survey. It is believed that the establishment of the Bureau of Geological Survey was an attempt by Chinese geologists who wanted to have an independent scientific research institution for geological surveys.