摄食紫菜粉等4种单一饵料的蚤状潘脂肪酸组成的比较

用GC／MS法分析比较了紫菜粉、小球藻、酵母、Banta液（牛粪1．5g＋干稻草2g＋沃土20g＋水1000cm3）4种食物条件下蚤状潘的脂肪酸组成．结果表明：4种食物培养下，蚤状潘的总脂含量依次为39．80、60．10、44．60、52．30mg／g．一共检测出脂肪酸14种，其中8种饱和脂肪酸（SFA），2种单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA），4种多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）．紫菜粉培养组与小球藻组PUFA含量显著高于酵母组和Banta液组（P〈0．05），占总脂肪酸的1／3以上，酵母组MUFA质量分数最高（P〈0．05），达55．73％，Banta液组以SFA质量分数最高（P〈0．05），为52．45％．其中紫菜粉组的PUFA中缺乏C18：3，但C20：5（EPA）和C20：4（AA）质量分数高达22．67％和9．02％是小球藻组的1．6倍和4．5倍（P〈0．05），而且EPA和AA的实际含量也显著高于小球藻组（P〈0．05），达到9．02mg／g和3．59mg／g；比较得出，紫菜粉培养组的20碳以上必需不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富，明显高于其他3组．本实验证实蚤状潘的脂肪酸组成与食物脂肪酸成正相关．分析认为，用紫菜粉培养枝角类用于海水育苗会取得更佳的营养效果．

Comparisons of fatty acid fed with porphyra composition in Daphnia pulex powder and 3 others

The compositions of fatty acids of water flea Daphnia pulex cultured in micro-particles seaweed powder, Chlorella sp. ,bread yeast and Banta （1.5 g cow dung; 2 g rice straw; 20 g good soil; 1 000 cm3 water） ,were determined by GC/MC. The total lipid level was 39.80 mg/g,60.10mg/g,44.60 mg/g and 52.30 mg/g,respectively. Fourteen fatty acids were found as 8 saturated fatty acids （SFA） ,2 monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA） ,and 4 polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA）. The PUFA of seaweed powder and chlorella group was significantly higher than that of bread yeast and Banta group （p 〈0.05） ,which accounted for more than 1/3 total fatty acids. It found that PUFA was lack of C 18 ： 3 in the seaweed powder group, but EPA was up to 22.67 % （p 〈 0.05 ） , AA up to 9.02% （p 〈 0.05 ） , which was 1.6 times and 4.5 times of Chlorella group. And the actual EPA and AA contents were significantly higher than chlorella group （p 〈 0.05 ）, reached 9.02mg/g and 3.59mg/g. The Daphnia pulex fed with liquid of Banta had 52.45% （p 〈 0.05 ） of SFA while that fed with bread yeast had 55.73% （p 〈 0.05 ） of MUFA. By comparison, we found that the unsaturated fatty acids up 20 were rich in micro-particles seaweed powder group. This experiment confirmed that the fatty acid composition of Daphnia pulex was positively correlated with its food. It is considered that Daphnia pulex fed with micro-particles seaweed powder has achieved better nutritional effect for breeding in maricultures.