游客生态旅游认知及其对环境管理措施的态度——以井冈山风景区为例

以井冈山风景区为例,采用问卷调查和统计分析方法,研究了游客的生态旅游认知及其对环境管理措施的态度,并分析两者之间的相关性。结果表明:游客对生态旅游"基于自然"、"旅游对象受到保护"、"环境教育"认知率较高,对"社区利益"的认知率尚低,且不同类型游客对生态旅游认知不同。游客对"对环境负责任"、"保护环境资源"、"注意环境影响"、"重视环境教育"、"尊重地方文化"五类旅游环境管理措施持积极态度,但对"加强游客管理"的措施持消极态度。而且生态旅游的认知与某些生态旅游环境管理态度也直接相关,认识到生态旅游"基于自然"、"旅游对象受到保护"以及"社区利益"的游客更认同"重视环境教育"的环境管理措施。最后,还就提高生态旅游认知和加强生态旅游区环境管理提出了具体建议。

Study on tourists' ecotourism perception and attitude towards environmental management:The case of Jinggangshan Scenic Area

The objective of this study was to explore the ecotourism perception an attitude towards environmental management of tourists visiting Jianggangshan Scenic Area in Jiangxi Province, China. A survey was conducted between December of 2005 and December of 2007, using structured questionnaires. A convenient sample of 363 tourists was interviewed during their visit to the scenic area, using the expectations questionnaire. It was found that there is much more perception of "nature base ", "tourism resources protection" and "environmental education" towards ecotourism, but less perception of "communities' interests". And different types of tourists including gender, age, education, occupation, income and traveling ways have distinct perceptions. It was also found that, the attitude towards the five types of environmental management measures, such as "responsibility to environment", "environment and resources protection", "attention to environment impact", "importance to environment education", "respecting local culture" is positive, while the attitude towards "enhancing tourists management" is negative. And several sectors of tourists' characters have significant impact on ecotourism environmental management. For example, the male tourists' attitude towards the environmental management measures consisting of "responsibility to environment", "attention to environment impact", "importance to environment education", and "enhancing tourists management" is more positive than that of female tourists. Furthermore, ecotourism perception is related to some attitude towards ecotourism environmental management according to statistical analysis. The tourists who have perception of "nature base", "tourism resources protection" and "communities' interests" hold a more positive attitude to "importance to environment education". Finally, some countermeasures on enhancing environmental management were discussed in this paper.