Reconstruction of the surface of the Late Valdai ice sheet in the area of Khibini and Lovozerskii mountain ranges on the Kola Peninsula

On the basis of location levels of push marginal formations and maximal distribution heights of charted lateral moraine, the surface form of the Late Valdai ice sheet in the region of Khibini and Lovozerskii massifs during cool stadial phases of the Middle and Younger Dryas was reconstructed. It has been established that the glacier surface came to 700 m and 500 m, respectively, and its inclination varied from 30 to 70 m per 10 km, which is well below that in marginal fields of ice sheets of Western Greenland and East Antarctica. The maximal ice thickness in the Middle Dryas came to about 600 m, and in the Younger Dryas, it was about 400 m. The inclination of the glacier surface increased during the cool stadial phase. On the whole, it coincides well with the drift directions of detrital sediments by ice streams, established by the transfer direction of detrital sediments, orientation of drumlins, ice scars, and other factors of ice activity.