陕西省志丹县黄土滑坡空间分布规律与形态特征研究

滑坡空间分布与形态特征能够反映滑坡发育程度, 为区域内滑坡灾害防治提供依据. 本研究以志丹县黄土滑坡为研究对象, 基于GIS空间分析选取最邻近指数与核密度估计分析志丹县滑坡空间分布规律, 通过统计分析的方法研究滑坡形态特征. 结果表明, 志丹县滑坡最邻近指数约为0.177, 在空间上呈聚集型分布; 核密度估计最大值出现在周河两岸的斜坡地带且呈带状分布, 具有多个高密度聚集区域; 滑坡面密度与点密度的计算结果分别为0.26%和0.19个/km²; 滑坡坡度多集中于70°以上, 坡向多集中于南和南东方向, 坡高则集中于40 m以下的斜坡. 通过聚类分析将研究区滑坡划分为不同类别的角度特征、高度特征、地质环境特征.

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LOESS LANDSLIDE IN ZHIDAN COUNTY,SHAANXI PROVINCE

The spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of landslides can reflect their development degree and provide a basis for landslide prevention in the region. Taking the loess landslide in Zhidan County as the study object, the nearest neighbor index (NNI) and kernel density estimation (KDE) are selected based on GIS to analyze the spatial distribution regularity of landslide. The morphological characteristics of landslide are studied through statistical analysis. The results show that the INNI value of the study area is about 0.177, with aggregated distribution of landslide in space. The maximum KDE value distributes in the slopes on both sides of Zhouhe River in belts with multiple high-density areas. The calculated landslide area density and point density are 0.26% and 0.19 per square kilometer respectively. The slope gradients of landslide are generally above 70°, the aspects mainly concentrated in south and southeast, and the slope heights mostly below 40 m. The landslide in the study area can be classified into three different morphological types by angle, height and geological environment characteristics through cluster analysis.