苏联新构造学研究的新进展与若干新理论问题

本文主要介绍苏联以H.N.尼古拉耶夫为代表的新构造学派的研究现状;概述他们所取得的重要研究成果,即:划分新构造期的标准应当是“地质-构造组合标准”,传统的“地貌标准”应当废弃;新构造期的下限应划在始新世与渐新世之间,而不是中新世;水平运动与垂直运动具有同等的意义等新观点.还论述了他们对新构造期全球动力学系统所进行的分析,及其由此所得出的分层构造运动,分层构造应力场和分层构造形变的概念.

NEW PROGRESS AND SEVERAL THEORITICAL PROBLEMS ON NEOTECTONIC RESEARCH IN THE SOVIET UNION

The important achivements in recent 2 decades by the neotcctonic school headed by N.I.Nikolaev are introduced in this paper. They emphasize on some new theory and new ideas as following : the criterion for the division of neo-tectonic period should be of "Combined geological - tectonic standard", which reflects the qualitative change of geodynamical state. So the conventional "geomorphologic criterion" shoud be abandoned; neoteonic period began in Late Eocene and Early Oligocene instead of Miocene; horizontal tectonic movement is as significant as the vertical one.The measurement to crustal deformation value should be the combined vector of both horizontal and vertical movement; tectonic movement takes place not only in crust, but also in the mantle and even throughout the globe body. Based on the systematical analysis on the gcodynamics, the school established the ideas of spherical movement, spherical stress field and spherical structure deformation.Further they divided neotecto nic deformation into 3 ranges, 23 categories and 4 genetic types; they have also conducted study in the field of the neotectonics, seismic tectonics, plate tectonics,exogenic process and deep seated process. As a result, a systematical model of teetonism has been founded.