微电极技术在沉积物化学原位测量中的应用

微电极技术在测量不稳定沉积物化学中具有不可替代的作用，日益受到重视。综合论述了目前实际应用于定量沉积物化学的三大电化学类型的微电极，覆盖了pH微电极、pCO2微电极、硫化物微电极、溶解氧膜微电极、汞金伏安微电极的工作原理、制作方法和应用文献。特别介绍了实验室制作氧化铱pH微电极的方法和性能，描述了制作汞金伏安微电极的详细步骤及其在测量沉积物氧化还原化学成分的具体实验装置和技术方法，认为微电极技术的引入对深化沉积物生物地球化学过程研究具有重要作用。

Microelectrodes for in Situ Chemical Measurements in Sediments

Microelectrodes for in situ chemical measurements in sediments are powerful techniques that cannot be substituted by alternative methods and are receiving increasing attentions from scientific community. This paper introduces three major electrochemical categories of microelectrodes that have practical applications in quantifying sediment chemistry, and cover the working principles, construction procedures, and applications of pH microelectrode, pCO2 microelectrode, sulfide selective microelectrode, oxygen membrane microelectrode, and Hg-Au voltammetric microelectrode in sediments. In particular, this paper describes the electrochemical properties of Iridium oxides pH microelectrodes and Hg-Au microelectrodes constructed in the laboratory and provides in details technicalities for measuring redox chemical species in sediments by voltammetry. It is believed that microelectrode applications have deepened biogeochemical study in sediments.