动态外部性视角的企业再地方化效应及地区影响 ——以皖江产业承接示范区为例

基于动态外部性视角,提出再地方化效应的测度及对地区转型发展的作用机理,以皖江产业承接示范区为研究对象,从MAR外部性、Jacobs外部性和Porter外部性3方面分析企业再地方化效应的时空演化特征,运用双向固定效应模型验证其对皖江示范区转型发展的影响。研究表明:① 时间演化特征与各城市的产业承接政策和转入的产业类型不同有关;② 空间上MAR外部性呈现出“总体均衡-向西增强-向南增强”的演化特征,Jacobs外部性由西南向东北逐渐增强,Porter外部性整体呈增强态势;③ MAR外部性对区域经济绩效和创新水平的效应均表现为“倒U”型;Jacobs外部性能够显著促进地区经济发展,但对区域创新的效应为“U”型;Porter外部性能够推动地区经济发展,但不利于区域创新。

Enterprises Relocalization and Its Influence on Regional Transformation and Development Based on the Spatial Externality: A Case of the Industrial Transfer Demonstration Region in Cities Along the Yangtze River of Anhui

The relocalization of enterprises is the reaggregation after industrial transfer, which has a complex and profound influence on the economic society of aggregation area. However the validity about theoretical research guiding local economic development is insufficient, due to relatively lacking of measurement and research about the effects of enterprises re-localization and its influence on regional transformation and development. Based on the theoretical context of localization, delocalization and re-localization, this study proposes the measurement method of enterprises re-localization effects and the mechanism of regional transformation and development, and then takes the demonstration area of Wanjiang industry as the object, to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of enterprises re-localization effect from outside MAR externalities, Jacobs externalities and Porter externalities. Finally, the two-way fixed effect model is used to verify its impact on the transformation and development of the Wanjiang demonstration area, and corresponding policy recommendations are put forward. The results shows that: 1) Time evolution characteristics are related to the industrial inheritance policies of different cities and the types of industries transferred; 2) MAR externalities presents the evolutionary characteristics of “overall equilibrium-westward enhancement-southward enhancement”, Jacobs externalities From southwest to northeast, the Porter externalities is enhanced in the space of dimensions; 3) The influence of MAR externalities on regional economic development level and regional innovation is inverted “U” type; Jacobs externalities has significant positive effect on regional economic development level, and its relationship with regional innovation is “U” type; Porter externalities has a positive effect on the regional economic development level and a significant negative effect on regional innovation.