基于高速公路流的东北大都市区边界识别与结构特征研究

利用高速公路收费站数据分析东北大都市区的空间边界与中心-外围结构特征。研究发现,① 中心城市高速公路流随距离的分布符合距离衰减规律,随规模位序的累积分布符合“二八定律”,但在具体的指标阈值上却表现出显著差异。② 四大都市区在空间上相连,以较小的国土面积承载了区域主要的社会经济活动。沈阳都市区和大连都市区在城镇关联体系中已实现融合;沈阳都市区、长春都市区、哈尔滨都市区间的空间联系则相对松散。③ 高速公路流空间下,各大都市区中心-外围空间结构表现出空间圈层、功能廊道和边界切割的典型特征。

Spatial Boundaries and Structural Characteristics of Metropolitan Areas in Northeast China: A Study Using the Data of Expressway Flows

Spatial boundaries and structural characteristics of metropolitan areas are of great significance for understanding the interactive relationship between cities and regions. Using the data of expressway flows, this paper explored the core-periphery spatial linkages patterns with the indexes of spatial linkages intensity and temporal distance to the central city. On this basis, the spatial boundaries of the metropolitan areas in Northeast China were identified and the characteristics of core-periphery structures were discussed. This article shows that, firstly, the expressway flows of central cities conform to the law of distance attenuation and the Pareto's principle. But the threshold values of different central cities show significant differences, indicating that the agglomerating and radiating effects of the central cities on the surrounding areas have the differences in distance, intensity and direction. Secondly, Shenyang metropolitan area, Changchun metropolitan area, Harbin metropolitan area, and Dalian metropolitan area, where most of the social and economic activities in Northeast China agglomerated, are geographically neighbored. Comparing with Changchun metropolitan area and Harbin metropolitan area, Shenyang metropolitan area and Dalian metropolitan area have a higher density of economic activities and closer spatial linkages, and have integrated as a whole in the urban system network, while the linkages among Shenyang metropolitan area, Changchun metropolitan area and Harbin urban area are relatively loose. Thirdly, under the space of expressway flows, the core-periphery spatial structures of the metropolitan areas show typical characteristics of spatial layers, functional corridors and boundary effect, which have a great impact on the regional economic organization. In future, the development of the metropolitan areas in the Northeast China should focus on solving the restrictive effect of the administrative boundary, promoting the organic combination of the metropolitan areas around Harbin-Dalian axis, and finally forming a regional cooperation system in the form of urban agglomeration or megalopolis.