塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒流沙前缘与绿洲内部近地面逆温逆湿特征研究

利用新疆策勒流沙前缘及绿洲内部的野外气象观测数据,运用同步对比与统计分析方法,分析塔克拉玛干沙漠流沙前缘及绿洲内部近地表0.5 m和2m高度之间逆温逆湿特征,揭示不同时期、典型天气状况下的逆温逆湿特征,为沙漠与绿洲内部的热量和水汽运移交换提供理论依据。结果表明:流沙前缘月平均相对湿度最大值出现在10月,最小值出现在4月,气温最高出现在8月,最低出现在1月。2011年7月逆温逆湿强度最大,逆湿日数占总逆湿日数的38.71%,逆温日数占总逆温日数的3.76%。逆温时间集中在傍晚19:00至上午10:00之间,逆湿出现在上午10:00至晚上21:00之间。绿洲内部月最低气温出现在2011年1月,最高气温出现在2011年7月,相对湿度最小值出现在2011年4月,最大值(74.91%)出现在2010年9月。最强逆温逆湿现象出现在2010年的11月,平均日温差3.48℃,垂直高度湿差达2.27%。总体上,在流沙前缘与绿洲内部,冬季的相对湿度整体上大于夏季的相对湿度,而气温整体上表现为夏季高冬季低,同一高度的温度与湿度呈现较好的负相关性。在4种典型天气情况下,流沙前缘与绿洲内部出现的温湿度变化和逆温逆湿特征变化趋势基本一样,但出现的时间上基本存在绿洲内部提前流沙前缘滞后的现象,但在晴天和扬沙天气下,逆湿在流沙地出现的时间提前而流沙前缘滞后。绿洲内部出现的逆温逆湿持续时间一般比流沙地持续的时间较长。

Characteristics of air temperature inversion and relative humidity inversion between the near ground surface in the oasis and the leading edge of shifting sandy land of Cele in the southern margin of Taklimakan Desert

The study of the characteristics of near surface inverse temperature and inverse humidity between the quicksand front and the oasis provides a basis for the transfer of heat and vapor between the desert and its inner oasis. Utilizing the method of synchronous contrast and statistical analysis, this paper investigated the characteristics of inverse temperature and inverse humidity between the height of 0.5 m and 2 m near the ground surface between the quicksand frontier and the inner oasis of Cele County, Xinjiang, China based on the field observation data. The results show that the average monthly relative humidity in the quicksand frontier hit the maximum value in October, and the minimum in April. The highest temperature appeared in August and the lowest in January. In July 2011, the intensity of inverse temperature and humidity was the highest, and the number of inverse humidity days in this month was accounted for 38.71% of the total inverse humidity days. The number of inverse temperature days was accounted for 3.76% of the total temperature inversion days. The temperature inversion time was between 19:00 PM and 10:00 AM next morning, the inverse humidity appeared between 10:00 AM. and 21:00 PM. From the month perspective, the lowest temperature in the oasis occurred in January 2011,the highest in July 2011.The minimum relative humidity occurred in April 2011.The maximum relative humidity appeared in September 2010 with the value being 74.91%.The strongest inverse temperature and inverse humidity appeared in November 2010,with an average daily temperature difference of 3.48℃ and a high humidity difference of 2.27%.In general, between the leading edge of the quicksand and the inner oasis, the relative humidity in winter is greater than the relative humidity in summer, while the temperature is high in summer and low in winter. The air temperature and humidity at the same height showed a good negative correlation. In the four typical weather conditions, the temperature and humidity changes shared the same pattern as the change characteristics of the inverse temperature and inverse humidity between the quicksand frontier and the inner oasis, but the changes happened first in the oasis followed by the shifting sandy land. However, in the conditions of cloudy weather and blowing sand weather, the inverse humidity happened first in the shifting sandy land followed by the inner oasis, and the last time for inverse temperature and inverse humidity in the oasis is primarily longer than that in shifting sandy land.