技术型新创企业的地理学研究进展

在辨析技术型新创企业的概念与分类基础上,从技术型新创企业的时空特征及其与区域环境的互动关系出发,梳理技术型新创企业的地理学研究成果。研究结果表明技术型新创企业在空间上更趋于集聚分布,其时空演变并非随机的,而是具有一定的连续累积性和路径依赖性;区域环境影响技术型新创企业的产生与发展,并形成了创业知识溢出理论、创业生态系统理论和区域创业系统理论三大代表性理论成果,而技术型新创企业可以提高区域生产和创新效率,开辟区域增长新路径,是区域创新系统实现动态发展、摆脱路径依赖和锁定的重要机制。同时创业企业家作为能动性主体,也能在一定程度上对区域软环境进行重塑和变革。最后在总结国内外研究进展的基础上,指出当前研究的不足与方向。

Research Progress in Geography on Technology-based Start-ups

Based on the conceptual definition and classification of technology-based start-ups, this article critically reviews the literature in geographical research in technology-based entrepreneurship. It focuses on two aspect: The spatio-temporal characteristics of technology-based start-ups and their interaction with regional environment. The primary research results are as follows: First, technology-based start-ups tend to be more concentrated in space, and their spatio-temporal evolution is not random, but has a certain continuous accumulation and path dependence. Second, regional environment affects the emergence and development of technology-based start-ups, and three primary representative theories have emerged in this regard, namely the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ecosystem and regional entrepreneurial system theory. Meanwhile, as an important mechanism for breaking path dependency and lock-in, technology-based start-ups could improve regional production and innovation efficiency, create new paths for regional growth, and contribute to dynamic development of regional innovation systems. In addition, entrepreneurs, as the main body of initiative agency, can also reshape and transform the regional soft environment to a certain extent. At the end of the article, based on the progress of technology-based start-ups studies, existing inadequacies and future directions of technology-based entrepreneurship have been discussed.