滇池东北部沿岸带生态修复技术研究及工程示范--环境恶化、生态退化现状及其成因

本文作为“滇池沿岸带生态修复技术研究及工程示范”系列研究论文之一,主要研究了滇池东北部沿岸带环境恶化与生态退化现状、成因及妨碍自然生态恢复的主要限制因素．风浪强烈侵蚀、湖底坚硬贫瘠、水质严重污染、大型水生植物和底栖动物消失,滇池东北部沿岸带已经蜕变成了“水域荒漠”．湖滩湿地围垦、人工岸堤修建和水质污染是导致沿岸带环境恶化、生态退化的主要原因,强烈的风浪冲刷和严重的水质污染是阻碍沿岸带自然生态恢复的主要限制因素．生态恢复必须从基础环境改造入手,实施生态修复．

Studies and Demonstration Engineering on Ecological Restoration Technique in the Littoral Zone of Dianchi Lake: the State and Cause of Environmental Depravation and Ecological Degradation

As part of the series studies on ecological restoration technique in the littoral zone of Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, this paper revealed the state and cause of environmental depravation and ecological degradation in the North-East littoral zone of Dianchi Lake, and discussed the key obstacle factor for natural restoration.Dianchi Lake is one of the most seriously polluted lakes in the world. Surely the wastewater discharge is the main cause, but another cause is usually ignored, that is the ecological destruction of the littoral zones which ever played a very important role in pollutant degradation and sedimentation. The wetland around the lake has been cut off by constructed concrete dikes, which enhanced wave action in front of the dike and therefore caused soil erosion and destruction of the littoral zone ecosystem. In addition to serious water pollution, all the macrophytes and benthic invertebrate animals have disappeared from the littoral zone. It has become desert in the water.The construction of the concrete dike around the lake and pollution are the causes of environmental depravation and ecological degradation in the littoral zone, and wave erosion is the key obstacle for natural restoration. Hence, special ecological engineering technique is urgently needed to restore the littoral zone environment and ecosystem in such a lake.