张家界砂岩地貌成因分析

张家界砂岩地貌特点是:天子山周边,峰丛林景观;赤铁矿红顶,泥盆系砂岩。即:天子山向斜周边为泥盆系地层,下部云台观组和上部黄家磴组构成张家界地貌的母岩地层,新构造运动隆升形成的峰林景观呈现了张家界地貌,石英砂岩顶部坚硬的赤铁矿保护了张家界地貌的形态。张家界地貌形态按照由老到新的发育次序,依次为夷平面、方山、石墙、穿洞、天生桥、峰丛和峰林。印支运动形成NEE向的索溪峪向斜,燕山运动形成NNE向的天子山向斜,张家界地貌围绕天子山向斜周边及索溪峪向斜南东翼发育。

Genetic Analysis of Zhangjiajie Sandstone Landform

The characteristics of Zhangjiajie landform are peak forest surrounding the Tianzishan, red top with hematitization and Devonian sandstone. The Tianzishan syncline was formed from Devonian System. The lower rock strata are Yuntaiguan Fm. and the upper Huangjiadeng Fm., which are forming the mother rocks of Zhangjiajie landform. The landform are composed of peak forests from Neotectonic Movement and protected by surmount hematite. According to growth from the early to late stage, Zhangjiajie landform is divided into planation surface, mesa, dike, light through cave, natural bridge, peak cluster and peak forest. The Suoxiyu syncline with NEE direction was formed in the period of the Indosinian Movement, and the Tianzishan syncline with NNE direction in the period of the Yanshanian Movement. The Zhangjiajie landform grew with these two synclines.