地下水氟离子分布规律与超标成因浅析——以北京南郊第四系地下水为例

饮用水中氟浓度超标,是导致地方性氟中毒疾病的主要因素。通过水质资料综合分析,结合农村安全饮水工程的施工及水质专项调查,开展了地下水中氟分布规律的研究,掌握了氟在地下水空间的分布规律。浅层地下水中氟离子浓度超标范围主要集中在东南部及南部地区,氟离子浓度与含水层深度呈反相关系,随时间变化幅度较大。深层地下水中氟离子浓度超标区主要集中在中部,当含水层埋深在300m以内时,氟离子浓度与含水层深度呈正相关系,随时间变化幅度较小。浅层地下水中氟的富集与气候条件、含水层岩性、地下水径流速度密切相关,深层地下水氟超标是由地质原因造成的。研究成果为水井施工设计提供了技术支持,为研究治理地下水中氟浓度超标的措施提供依据。

The Distribution Laws of Fluoride Ion in Groundwater and Its Cause Analysis-An Case Study of Quaternary Groundwater in the Southern Suburbs of Beijing

Excessive fluoride concentration in drinking water is the main factor leading to endemic lfuorosis. Through the comprehensive analysis of water quality data,combined with the research area of rural safety drinking water project construction and water quality special investigation, the distribution law of lfuoride in groundwater was studied. The concentration of lfuoride in the shallow groundwater is mainly concentrated in the southeast and the south of the area. The concentration of lfuoride ion and the depth of the water bearing layer is in inverse relationship with the time. The concentration of lfuoride in the deep groundwater is mainly concentrated in the middle part. When the water bearing layer is buried deep within the 300m, the fluoride concentration is positively related to the depth of the aquifer. The enrichment of lfuorine in shallow groundwater is closely related to the climatic conditions, the lithology of the aquifer, the groundwater lfow velocity, and the deep groundwater is caused by the geological reasons. The research results provided the technical support for the construction design of the well, which provided the basis for the study of the measures to control the excessive lfuorine in groundwater.