验潮井注入防冻油层对潮位观测影响分析

在全球气候变暖的影响下,中国沿海的海平面上升趋势还将进一步加剧带来海水倒灌、沿海地区水质恶化、生态环境和资源破坏、侵蚀海岸、海洋自然灾害发生的频率增高等一系列危害。为缓解这些危害,首先要掌握海平面的上升速率。潮位观测数据是对海平面进行科学研究的重要依据之一,潮位数据的及时性、准确性、完整性在海平面研究中起主导作用。近年来北方冬季海面结冰现象严重,如不采取相应措施会导致验潮井内结冰,潮位数据中断,从而无法计算平均海平面高度。为防止北方冬季验潮井内结冰,常向验潮井内注入防冻柴油,但注入柴油后,验潮井内液面与外海高度不同,造成潮位观测不准确。根据潮位观测理论和多年实践经验,计算出在不影响潮位读数的情况下,可注入防冻油层的最大高度,并对超过最大高度时潮位读数的修正数值进行了研究。

Analysis on the Effect of Injecting Diesel Oil in the Tide Gauge Well on Tide Observation

Under the influence of global warming, the tendency of sea level rise on the coast of China will deteriorate, leading to great harm to human and the environment, such as seawater encroachment, water quality degradation along coastal areas, destroyed ecological environment and resources, coast erosion, and higher frequency in the occurrence of natural disasters. In order to alleviate the harm of these disasters, it is essential to know well the rate of sea level rise. Tidemark observing data are important for the scientific research on sea level, and the timeliness, accuracy and integrity of the data always play a vital part in the research. The sea gets frozen more frequently in the north of China in recent years, so it is necessary to take measures to avoid sea ice in the tide gauge well and ensure the continuity of tidemark data for calculating mean sea level. While the approach of injecting diesel oil in the well is usually used to avoid sea ice in the well, sea level in the well is different from that out of the well after diesel oil injecting, leading to lower accuracy of tide observing data. According to the theory and practical experience in tide observation, this paper calculates the maximum height of anti-freezing diesel oil under the prerequisite of no adverse effect on tidemark data recording within maximum height. The correction values of tidemark data are also analyzed for the case of exceeding the maximum height.