深海热液活动环境场参数及模型分析

深海热液活动是当今科学研究的热点,本文基于近年有关热液活动的各种模型,系统分析比较了热液柱的上升高度与热通量等参数变化规律,并对现有的热液羽状流模型和考虑洋壳特性的经验模型进行了分析。主要研究结果有:(1)热液柱上升高度与底部横向流和热源特性密切相关,单个热液喷口热通量和羽状热液柱中性浮力层模型热液热通量达109W/m2;(2)热液羽状流受多种因素影响,热液柱面积的轮廓,羽状热液柱各处的含盐量、潜在温度、速度可随深度改变发生变化;(3)考虑洋壳特性后,其浮力通量和热液柱最大的上升高度均有变化,上升高度可达1000多m,热通量达108W/m2。上述模型和参数可为进一步深入研究热液羽流运动机制和建立热液活动正演和反演模型提供参考。

Parameters and model analysis for the deep-sea hydrothermal plume

According to the hydrothermal activity models developed in recent years,the rules of the rising height and heat flux of the thermal column were systematically considered.Results show that(1)the thermal rising height is related to the bottom horizontal flow and heat source characteristics,and the heat flux of the single hydrothermal vent and of the neutral buoyancy layer in the thermal column could reach to a magnitude of 109 W/m2;that(2)the hydrothermal plume could be affected by many factors such as shape,...