Spatial texture based automatic classification of dayside aurora in all-sky images

A spatial texture based representation method including features of intensity, shape and texture, was utilized to characterize all-sky auroral images. The combination of the local binary pattern (LBP) operator and a delicately designed block partition scheme achieved both global shapes and local textures capabilities. The representation method was used in automatic recognition of four primary categories of discrete dayside aurora using observations between years 2003–2009 at the Yellow River Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. The supervised classification results on labeled data in 2003 were in accordance with the labeling by scientists considering both spectral and morphological information. The occurrence distributions of the four categories were obtained through automatic classification of data between 2004–2009, which confirm the multiple-wavelength intensity distribution of dayside aurora, and further provide morphological interpretation of auroral types.