Mesospheric bore formation from large-scale gravity wave perturbations observed by collocated all-sky OH imager and sodium lidar |
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| Authors: | Jia Yue Chiao-Yao She Takuji Nakamura Sean Harrell Tao Yuan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;2. National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa-shi, Tokyo, Japan;1. A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS, 3 Pyzhevsky per., 119017 Moscow, Russia;2. Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of Siberian Branch RAS, 126-a Lermontov str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;3. Institute of Electrophysics and Electric Power RAS, 18 Dvortsovaya nab., 191186 St. Petersburg, Russia;1. Department of Econometrics and OR, Tilburg University, The Netherlands;2. Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia;2. Monash Health, Melbourne, Vic, Australia;1. Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Siberian Branch, RAS, Irkutsk, Russia;2. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia;3. Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Department of Meteorological Forecasts, Saint-Petersburg, Russia;4. Saint-Petersburg State University, Department of Atmospheric Physics, Saint- Petersburg, Russia |
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| Abstract: | On 9 October 2007, long-horizontal-wavelength gravity waves were observed for the first time to steepen and form mesospheric bores at the altitude of ～87 km, by an all-sky OH imager located at Fort Collins (41°N, 105°W), Colorado. The collocated sodium lidar simultaneously observed the presence of a temperature inversion layer as the ducting region. One mesospheric bore uniquely later evolved into a large-amplitude soliton-like perturbation. When the gravity wave and the associated soliton-like perturbation passed through the lidar beams, the lidar detected strong vertical disturbance at 90 km, indicating convective instability. A large cold front system recorded several hours before in the troposphere was aligned to phase fronts of these large gravity waves. For all of the 7 mesospheric bores observed over a 5 year period, we found a similar alignment with a cold front 1000–1500 km away as the likely source of these large-scale gravity waves. |
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