The Faraday filter-based spectrometer for observing sodium nightglow and studying atomic and molecular oxygen associated with the sodium chemistry in the mesopause region |
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| Authors: | Sean D. Harrell Chiao-Yao She Tao Yuan David A. Krueger J.M.C. Plane Tom Slanger |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1875, USA;2. School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;3. Molecular Physics Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;1. Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;2. Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;3. Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;1. Ulyanovsk State University, Ulyanovsk, Russian Federation;2. Donetsk Physical and Technical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Donetsk, Ukraine;3. Novgorod State University, Veliky Novgorod, Russian Federation;4. National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation;5. Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland;1. College of Mathematics and Physics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, People’s Republic of China;2. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China;3. School of Humanities, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, People’s Republic of China;4. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, People’s Republic of China;1. Department of Engineering Physics, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7765, United States;2. College of Science and Engineering, Central State University, Wilberforce, OH 45384, United States |
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| Abstract: | This paper describes the operational principles, design and field testing of a new, compact, Faraday filter-based spectrometer to measure the D2 (589.158 nm) to D1 (589.756 nm) intensity ratio of the sodium nightglow. This work was motivated by the observations of Slanger et al. (2005) who reported an annual variation in D2/D1 with values ranging from 1.2 to 1.8. Their proposed explanation, a modified Chapman mechanism, requires that the intensity ratio is related to the concentration ratio of atomic oxygen [O] to molecular oxygen [O2]. Our method of measuring D2/D1 utilizes narrowband Na vapor Faraday filters, which can yield observations on the fractional contributions of the two chemical pathways of the modified Chapman mechanism. Since delineation of the two chemical pathways requires a spectral resolution of 0.0002 nm, this is not possible with any other existing instrument. |
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