黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus eupogon)不同生态地理分布群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析

利用40个黄颡鱼微卫星分子标记对吉林省月亮湖野生黄颡鱼(YL,30尾)、四川野生黄颡鱼(SC,30尾)、黑龙江省哈尔滨市松花江段黄颡鱼(SH,18尾)、湖北省荆州市长湖野生黄颡鱼子代(YY,30尾)及其亲本(QQ,30尾)、天津市换新国家级原良种场黄颡鱼1号(TJ,30尾)6个黄颡鱼群体的观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)和有效等位基因数(Ae)等进行了遗传检测,根据基因频率计算遗传相似系数和Nei氏标准遗传距离,x2检验估计Hardy-weinberg平衡,采用近交系数(FST)和基因流(Nm)分析群体的遗传分化及其来源.同时,使用PHYLIP3.63软件绘制基于Nei氏标准遗传距离的UPGMA进化树.6个群体共检测到5042个扩增片段,长度在150-650bp,40个基因座扩增出等位基因数从1-8个不等,共计143个等位基因,平均每个基因座扩增得到3.575个等位基因.结果显示:(1)6个黄颡鱼群体的多态性指标均适中,PIC在0.00-0.79之间,平均值为0.40、0.37、0.35、0.39、0.35和0.19,有效等位基因数(Ae)1.00-5.44个不等,平均有效等位基因数依次为2.05、2.30、1.93、2.07、1.93和1.47,无偏期望杂合度(He)在0.00-0.83之间,平均值为0.45、0.46、0.36、0.46、0.41和0.23;(2)遗传相似系数YY与QQ遗传相似度最高(0.9947),TJ与SC遗传相似系数最低(0.4846),聚类结果与地理分布呈一定相关性.

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF DIFFERENT ECOLOGO-GEOGRAPHICAL POPULATIONS OF YELLOW CATFISH PELTEOBAGRUS EUPOGON

Forty microsatellite loci were used for analyzing six populations of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus eupogon: YL [the Yueliang (Moon) Lake, Jilin Province, 30 samples], SC (Sichuan Province, 30 samples), SH (Songhua River at Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 18 samples), YY (the Changhu Lake, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 30 samples), QQ (the parent generation of YY, from the Changhu Lake also), and TJ (Huanxin Breeding Farm, Tianjin, 30 samples). The observed (H_o), expected (H_e) heterozygosity, polymorphic information content (PIC), and number of effective alleles (A_e) were determined. Genetic similarity index and genetic distance were computed on the allele frequency. The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium was checked by x2 Test. Genetic differentiation (F_ST) and hierarchical partition of genetic diversity (N_m) were used. A dendrogram was built on the UPGMA results using PHYLIP software package (Ver.3.63). A total of 5042 fragments ranging from 150bp and 650bp in length were obtained. One to eight alleles were amplified in 40 loci and 143 alleles in all six populations. The average number of alleles in each locus is 3.575. The result shows that 1) the level of genetic variability is moderate in the six populations. The polymorphic information contents of the six populations are from 0.00 to 0.79, in average at 0.40, 0.37, 0.35, 0.39, 0.35 and 0.19, respectively. Effective alleles are from 1.00 to 5.44, in average of 2.05, 2.30, 1.93, 2.07, 1.93 and 1.47, respectively. The expected heterozygosity ranges from 0.00 to 0.83, in average at 0.45, 0.46, 0.36, 0.46, 0.41 and 0.23, respectively; 2) the highest genetic similarity index at 0.9947 was found between YY and QQ; and the lowest index at 0.4846 between SC and TJ. Correlation between the clustering result and the geographical distribution may exist.