裂谷盆地构造热演化的数值模型及在南海北部的应用

在沉积盆地的定量模拟研究中，建立各种数值模型是研究的基础。由于裂谷盆地在科学研究和油气勘探上的重要性，对其数值模型的研究一直受到高度重视，提出了众多理论模型。本文选择影响较大的或对南海被动陆缘研究有重要作用的数值型进行介绍，包括最基础的McKenzie瞬时拉伸模型，以及后来发展起来的限时拉伸模型、单剪伸展模型、挠曲悬臂梁模型、伸展随深度变化的模型和多幕拉伸模型。重点介绍各个模型的基本假设、应用条件、盆地演化的数学表达式，分析各模型之间的异同点和相互关系。文中还列举了南海北部的一些研究实例，以帮助深入理解不同数值模型的方法和应用。

Numerical Models of the Tectono-Thermal Evolution of Rift Basins and Their Applications to the Northern South China Sea

Numerical models are the basis for quantitative modeling of the tectono-thermal evolution of sedimentary basins. Due to the importance of rift basins in scientific research and petroleum exploration, extensive studies have been devoted to building numerical models for rift basins. This paper summarizes the models that have great influence or play an important role in the study of the passive continental margin of the South China Sea, including the most fundamental model of McKenzie, and the models of finite-rate stretching, simple shear stretching, flexural cantilever stretching, depth-dependent stretching, and multiphase stretching. Special emphasis was placed on their basic assumptions, application conditions, and numerical formulations for the geothermal field and basin subsidence. The similarities, differences, and correlations of these models were expounded. Finally, the applications of the models in studying the rift basins in the northern South China Sea were briefed, which may help to advance our understanding of the methods and applications of the numerical models.