Experimental study on the velocity of fragments in collisional breakup |
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Authors: | Akira Fujiwara Akimasa Tsukamoto |
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Affiliation: | Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan;Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan |
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Abstract: | The motion of fragments following a catastrophic destruction by either a normal or an oblique impact at 2.5–2.9 km sec?1 into cubic and spherical basalt targets was studied with a high-speed framing camera. Velocities at the antipodes of the targets vary as (E/M)0.75 (E = impact energy; M = target mass) and are lower than 200 m sec?1 at E/M ? 109 ergs g?1. Excluding fine-grained particles from the impact site, 70 to 80% by mass fraction of the fragments have velocities lower than twice the antipodal velocity. Comminution and ejection energies wasted in this mass fraction were a few percent of the impact energy at E/M ? 5 × 107 ergs g?1. During a catastrophic impact into asteroids some of the fragmented bodies can be reconcentrated by mutual gravitation. |
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