江水浊度在污染河段水质净化中的作用分析及建议

江水的浊度是水质的重要指标之一,浊度越大,江水的水质越差。但如果能合理的利用浊度,又可以使之成为有效控制水污染、净化江水水质的积极因素。通过试验与实际调查分析了哈尔滨市松花江段河流水质的自净过程和机理,发现江水中悬浮颗粒物的吸附作用和絮凝沉淀作用对江水净化起重要作用。而利用并强化江水的这种净化能力,是一种经济有效的水污染控制手段。为更好的防治污染,还对松花江哈尔滨市江段污染治理提出一些具体建议:(1)控制污染物排放;(2)根据河道水环境容量合理确定污染带范围;(3)利用浊度人工辅助去污。

Function of Turbidity on Water Purification in Polluted River

Turbidity is one of the most important targets of the water quality of river, higher the turbidity degree, worse the water quality. But in controlling pollution of river water, it may be a good method to control the pollution, even to purify water if use the density reasonablly. Through experiment and investigation on self-purification process and mechansim of water quality in the Songhua River in Harbin, it is found that adsorbent function and coagulative precipitation function of suspended matter play a important part in the river water purification. When the turbidity of river water is between 40 and 400, the Cu and Pb content can be removed 40%-80%, organic matter content can be removed 50%-64%. The main parameters influencing coagulative process according to the theory of orthokinetic Coagulation include effective collision coefficient(α), speed gradient(G) and grain volume density(ô). On the basis of these parameters, the turbidity of river water and the condition of optimal coagulative precipitation of suspended matter is adjusted by draining polluted water to possess different sources. It can get rid of the pollution matter in water even more effectively. This is a economic and effective way in controling water pollution. For controling and teating the water pollution, there are some suggestions:(1) control the exhausts of the pollutant according to total quantity target ;(2) identify the extent of the pollution according to the capacity of the river environment;(3) artificially assist decontamination on the basis of natural water purification.