断陷湖盆隐蔽油藏预测及勘探的关键技术--高精度地震探测基础上的层序地层学研究

近十余年世界的我国隐蔽油藏勘探取得了巨大进展,其关键技术是高精度的三维地震及在此基础上的层序地层学研究,二者的结合已被油气产业部门当作勘探中的“权威性技术”。断陷湖盆在我国东部含油气资源的重要性居首位,控制层序形成演化的诸因素中,构造,古气候和在区域古地理格局中的位置对湖盆的类型和演化起着决定作用,需要按照断陷湖盆的沉积构造演化特征建立有预测功能的层序构成模式,在成熟的勘探区,重新建立等时层序地层格架,进行体系域精度的工业制图,阐明沉积体系的分布规律,使用高精度地球物理技术对圈闭定位,并对构造坡折带和低位域扇体给予重点注意,用这种技术方法指导隐蔽油气藏的勘探,已经并必将有许多重要发现。

Key Technology of Prospecting and Exploration of Subtle Traps in Lacustrine Fault Basins: Sequence Stratigraphic Researches on the Basis of High Resolution Seismic Survey

Over the past ten years, great progress has been made in the exploration of subtle traps both inside and outside China, whose key technology is the high resolution 3D seismic detection and the high resolution 3D seismic detection based sequence stratigraphic research. The combination of the two technologies has been termed by the petroleum and gas industry as the "authoritative technology". The lacustrine fault basin is the most important for the generation of oil and gas in the east of China. In particular, the structure, paleo climate and the paleogeographical setting play a dominant role in lacustrine basin types and evolution. In addition, the sequence architectural model established to forecast the oil and gas resources should reflect the sedimentary structural evolution features of the lacustrine fault basin. In the mature exploration areas, more important discoveries in the subtle traps may be made in such aspects as the re establishment of the isochronous sequence statigraphic framework, the compilation of the systems tract exploration map, the clarification of the distribution pattern of the sedimentary system, the emphasis on the fault controlled slope break and low stand systems tract fans, and the location of the subtle traps with high resolution geophysical technology.