Relationship of Halo CMEs and Solar Proton Events |
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Authors: | Wang Cong Cui Yan-mei Ao Xian-zhi Luo Bing-xian Wang Jing-jing Liu Si-qing |
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Affiliation: | 1. National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408 |
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Abstract: | Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are important sources of Solar Proton Events (SPEs). Their speeds and source region locations have significant effects on the occurrence of SPEs. In this paper, all the halo CMEs observed in recent five years are statistically analyzed. The results show that the fast halo CMEs with small angular distances are more likely to produce SPEs, especially, those halo CMEs with a speed greater than 1200 km s?1 and an angular distance less than 60°. Three fast halo CMEs with no SPEs caused are elaborately studied. The results show that the ejection direction of the CME's main body and the variation of interplanetary magnetic field also have important impacts on the occurrence of SPEs. Consequently, in the practical daily space environment forecasts, an accurate forecast for SPEs must take various factors into account, such as the eruption speed, source region location, the main-body ejection direction of CMEs, and the interplanetary environment, etc. |
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Keywords: | Sun: solar proton events (SPEs) Sun: halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) physical data and processes: shock waves |
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