地球信息科学技术在国土空间规划中的应用研究进展

国土空间规划是高质量发展的空间蓝图,地球信息科学技术改变了国土空间规划的方式,其强大的数据获取、分析、预测和管理能力为国土空间规划提供了数据、方法和平台支撑,提高了国土空间规划的科学性和可操作性。本文综合运用文献调研、归纳和对比分析等方法,试图在分析国土空间规划编制、实施和监管的全流程以及国土空间规划公众参与和智慧化转型需求的基础上,系统阐述地球信息科学技术在国土空间规划中的应用研究进展,主要集中在3个方面：① 地理空间数据、遥感数据和社会经济大数据为国土空间规划提供了数据基础;② GIS分析方法、地理模拟方法和人工智能方法为国土空间规划提供技术支撑;③ GIS平台、云计算和城市智能平台等技术方法推动了国土空间规划的智慧化转型。随着2021年我国国土空间规划体系的基本建立,未来应关注智慧化规划技术和方法在农业空间和生态空间的应用、构建智慧国土空间规划的技术体系,并进一步提升国土空间规划的智慧化水平。

Research Progress of the Application of Geo-information Science and Technology in Territorial Spatial Planning

Territorial spatial planning is the spatial blueprint of high-quality social and economic development. With the rapid development of geo-information science and technology, geo-information science and tech- nology has changed the way of territorial spatial planning. Its powerful capability in data acquisition, analysis, prediction, and management provides support in data, method, and platform for territorial spatial planning, thus enabling territorial spatial planning to be more scientific, operable, and forward-looking. Based on literature review, summary, and comparative analysis, this study analyzes the technical requirements of territorial spatial planning compilation, implementation, supervision, public participation, and intelligent transformation, and systematically expounded the application of geo-information science and technology in territorial spatial planning. This study expounds the contributions of geo-information science on China's territorial spatial planning from the following three aspects: (1) Geospatial data, remote sensing data, and socio-economic big data provide data basis for territorial spatial planning; (2) Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis method, geographic simulation method, and artificial intelligence method provide method support for territorial spatial planning; (3) The application of GIS platform, cloud computing, and urban intelligent platform promotes the intelligent transformation of territorial spatial planning. This study also points out shortages of different technologies. However, there are still some problems that need to be further explored: (1) The generation of socio-economic big data and its application scenarios in territorial spatial planning are concentrated in urban space; (2) Both traditional and modern technologies in territorial spatial planning have advantages and disadvantages. These technologies need to be effectively integrated to prepare more scientific territorial spatial planning; (3) The construction of territorial spatial planning platform has not been organically combined with the construction of City Information Modeling (CIM) and other intelligent society platforms, there is a huge space for mining in the future. According to the maturity of its application in territorial spatial planning, these technologies can be divided into mature technology and promising technology. With the promulgation of territorial spatial planning at all levels and types and the initial establishment of Chinese territorial spatial planning system in 2021, attention should be paid to the application of intelligent planning methods in agricultural space and ecological space, technical system construction of intelligent territorial spatial planning, and the improvement of territorial spatial planning intellectualization.