Deep root of a continent-continent collision belt: Evidence from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) deep borehole in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (HP-UHP) metamorphic terrane, China |
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Authors: | Zhiqin Xu Shaocheng Ji Zeming Zhang Qin Wang |
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Affiliation: | a Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Ministry of Lands and Resources, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China b Département des Génies Civil, Géologique et des Mines, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3A7 c Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 100028, China |
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Abstract: | The Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) deep borehole, which reached a depth of 5158 m in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic terrane, provides a new window into the deep root of a continent-continent collision belt, and the tectonic processes by which supracrustal material is recycled into the mantle by subduction and then uplifted to the surface. Major research themes of the CCSD project were to: (1) determine the three-dimensional composition, structure and geophysical character of the deep root of this orogenic belt; (2) investigate the nature and timing of the UHP metamorphism; (3) investigate the processes of crust-mantle interaction involved in the formation and exhumation of the UHP rocks; (4) study the process of fluid circulation and mineralization during subduction and exhumation; (5) study the rheological properties of the various rocks during subduction and exhumation; (6) develop and refine dynamic models for deep subduction and exhumation of crustal rocks, and (7) establish a long-term, natural laboratory for the study of present-day crustal dynamics (e.g., stress, strain, fluid activity). The CCSD has developed precise oriented profiles of the main borehole in terms of lithology, geochemistry, oxygen isotopes, zircon SHRIMP U-Pb ages, 40Ar-39Ar ages, deformation, rheology, mineralization, physical properties of the rocks, petrophysical logs, seismic reflections and underground fluids. The present paper summarizes the integrated research results of this project, especially the new findings concerning the deep root of a continent-continent collision. |
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Keywords: | Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) Sulu HP-UHP metamorphic terrane Deep root of a continent-continent collision belt Dynamics of subduction and exhumation |
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