走向21世纪的矿床学

文章简要回顾了百年来矿床学取得的重要进展，包括：（1）矿床成因分类的建立；（2）层控矿床研究与矿床多成因理论的兴起；（3）板块构造与区域成矿规律；（4）矿床模型；(5)型矿床研究；（6）海洋现代热液成矿作用的发现；（7）成矿演化的不可逆性与节律性等。针对21世纪中人类社会可持续发展的需要，矿床学研究出现了两个新趋势；（1）全球化；（2）矿业开发与环境保护一体化。面临着三个主要研究领域；（1）成矿理论的推陈出新；（2）研究开发新型矿产资源，建立广义的矿产资源地质学；（3）建立绿色矿业体制所需的矿床学基础研究。

Mineral Deposit Geology towards the 21st Century

Some major achievements in mineral deposit geology in the past 100 years are briefly reviewed in the paper.Such achievements include:①classification of mineral deposits by their genesis;②booming of study on strata-bound deposits and multigenesis theory of mineral deposit;③plate tectonics and regional metallogeny;④mineral deposit model;⑤study on superlarge mineral deposits;⑥discovery of modern hydrothermal ore-forming processes in oceans and ⑦unreversibility and rhythm in metallogenic evolution etc..In order to meet the demands of sustainable development of human society in the 21st century,the mineral deposit geology shows two new trends:①globalization and ②unity of ore exploitation and environmental protection.Nowadays mineral deposit geology is facing three main research fields:①the formulation of new ore-forming theories;②the study and exploration of new types of mineral resources and the formation of general mineral resources geology and ③ the performance of basic research on mineral deposits to satisfy the need for building a “green mining industry” system.