1991—1992年ENSO事件的特征

根据美国国家海洋大气局气候分析中心（ＣＡＣ）和中国气象局气候监测公报所提供的海－气资料，综合分析了１９９１－１９９２年ＥＮＳＯ事件的形成、发展过程。这次ＥＮＳＯ事件的主要特点是：①在ＥＮＳＯ事件爆发前一年内热带太平洋海气特性频频呈现异常，暖水堆积在赤道中太平洋（５°Ｎ－５°Ｓ，１６０°Ｅ－１６０°Ｗ）约１２个月，然后自西向东传输，爆发１９９１－１９９２年ＥＮＳＯ事件。②对ＥＮＳＯ事件作出响应的西太

THE CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE 1991 - 1992 ENSO EVENT

Based on the oceanographic and meteorological data provided by the Climate Analysis Center (CAC) of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA) and climate monitor bulletin of State Meteorological Administration (PRC), comprehensive analyses for the characteristics of genesis and evolution of 1991/1992 ENSO event are made in this paper. The results show that the main feature of this ENSO event is as follows that (1) anomalous oceanic and atmospheric characteristics frequently appear one year prior to ENSO event, which caused the warm water accumulate in the central equatorial Pacific (5°N-5°S, 160°E - 160°W) for about twelve months, before transporting from the west to the east to trigger the 1991/1992 ENSO event; (2) the anomalous variation of subtropical high in the western Pacific responding to ENSO event occurred twelve months prior to the onset of this ENSO event, and it appeared to be obviously strong, and its position to the northwest was comparable with normal condition during the onset stage of ENSO, Which results in anomalous meteorological factor occurrence prior to ENSO event; and (3) the air - sea parameters during this ENSO event appear twice anomalous variation corresponding to ENSO, and the second anomalous variation is the main reason for making the ENSO event a long and strenghened period.