Deltaic and estuarine environments and their Late Quaternary dynamics on the Sunda and Sahul shelves |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA;2. Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA;1. SE Asia Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom;2. Department of Earth Sciences, UCL, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom;1. Coastal Marine Group, School of Science, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand;2. Horn Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Cambridge, MD, USA;3. Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, USA;1. School of Science, The University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia;2. Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, 305-8567, Japan;3. Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan;4. Environmental Geoscience Division, Geoscience Australia, Cnr Jerrabomberra Ave and Hindmarsh Drive, Symonston, ACT, 2609, Australia;5. School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia;6. School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia;7. Water, Wetlands and Coasts Science, Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, NSW Government, 480 Weroona Road, Lidcombe, NSW, 2141, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Deltaic and estuarine environments have been, and continue to be, some of the most rapidly changing environments. Those associated with the Sunda shelf generally receive large volumes of sediment and were characterised by a diverse and productive vegetation before much of it was cleared and converted for agriculture, silviculture or urban development. By contrast estuaries in northern Australia receive far less sediment supply, and record a much less modified pattern of landform change during the Holocene. Three periods of change are discussed: first, the long-term geological development and response of deltaic–estuarine plains to eustatic cycles of sea-level change, particularly postglacial sea-level rise to present; second, Holocene development of deltaic–estuarine environments, dominated by patterns of coastal progradation and distributary migration, under relatively stable sea level; and third, the impact of human modifications. These observations provide a framework within which response of the deltaic–estuarine environments to future, anticipated environmental change can be assessed. |
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