三峡库区边坡结构及失稳模式研究

随着三峡库区移民迁建工程的实施,移民城市与集镇建设和路桥工程施工形成了大量人工高边坡。据统计,移民迁建区已形成的高边坡多达3000余处,由于地质条件复杂,90%的边坡安全性达不到要求,对移民工程构成严重威胁。与我国其他地区不同,三峡移民区的边坡顶部、下部,甚至边坡中部大都要修建建筑物,因此,在治理边坡的同时,往往要考虑采用退层建筑方式利用边坡的问题,同时,三峡库区的城市功能以旅游开发为主,结合边坡整治来实施绿色工程和开发旅游资源非常重要。为了尽可能利用有限的土地资源,移民工程往往是依山就势,一般都采用前挡后挖的模式进行场平。本文系统研究了三峡库区边坡结构类型,划分为顺层边坡、平缓软硬岩层互层边坡、滑崩堆积体边坡、溶塌角砾岩边坡、层状碎裂岩体边坡等,并对典型边坡开挖前后变形破坏过程进行了研究。结合三峡移民迁建工程,介绍了基于防护的边坡利用技术,并进行了示范。

HUMAN-CUTTING SLOPE STRUCTURE AND FAILURE PATTERN AT THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR

A large number of human-cutting slopes have been created since the city、town and road re-constructed at the Three Gorges Reservoir. According to statistic data, the high slopes are more than 3000, and 90% is unstable that severely threats the relocation. It is great difference with other place of China, the slopes have to be the site for the relocation at the reservoir. The stability-based slope utilization is considered, and the houses can be constructed at the upper, bottom, and even in the middle part of the slope. Meantime, the landscape sense should be protected since tourism. The paper summary the slope patterns, and analyzes the deformation and failure mechanics. Cases-study on slope stabilized and utilized is presented.