伊犁河下游三角洲生态耗水研究

伊犁河三角洲是巴尔喀什湖流域重要的生态系统,其耗水也是影响巴尔喀什湖水量平衡的重要因素,研究三角洲生态耗水是巴尔喀什湖研究的关键问题之一.基于前人研究的部分成果及最新资料,结合统计学方法与4个年段的遥感解译资料,计算1936-2008年间的三角洲生态耗水系列,分析其年际变化规律,探讨中游卡普恰盖等水利水电枢纽建设、人为...

Study on Ecological Water Consumption in Delta of the Lower Reaches of Ili River

The Ili River delta is an important ecosystem of Balkhash Lake basin and its ecological water consumption is the key factor of water balance in the basin.So study on the ecological water consumption is one of the key issues in the basin.Based on the results of previous studies and the latest information,using statistical methods combined with interpreted remote sensing images of four periods,the variation of water consumption from 1936 to 2008 was analyzed in the paper.The effect of the Dam Kapcagaj,which is constructed in the middle reaches to regulate the runoff at the top of the delta,on the ecological environment is discussed.The interaction between the water consumption in the delta and the monthly water income at the delta top is analyzed.The impacts of human activities on the ecological environment of the delta are also discussed section by section,in order to propose an idea for decision-makers to protection the delta against the consequence of climate change and human activities.It is demonstrated that the annual mean water consumption is about 30.5×108m3,with a remarkable variation from year to year.Owing to the dramatic impact of human activities since 1970,the inter-annual variation of water consumption is slowing down because of irrigation development.The operation of Dam Kapcagaj and irrigation development are the most distinct factors that greatly change the inflow water amount and process at the top of the delta and the supersession between river bed-phase and lake-phase.Speeding up the supersession resulted in a rapid ecosystem degradation from 1970 to 1990.It is necessary to restore the ecosystem by limiting opening up wasteland,constructing reregulating reservoirs and implementing a comprehensive water conservation plan.