Simulation of surface urban heat islands under ‘IDEAL’ conditions at night part 1: Theory and tests against field data |
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| Authors: | G T Johnson T R Oke T J Lyons D G Steyn I D Watson J A Voogt |
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| Institution: | (1) School of Mathematics, Physics, Computing, and Electronics and School of Earth Sciences, Macquarie University, 2109 Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;(2) School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Murdoch University, 6253 Perth, Western Australia, Australia;(3) Department of Geography, Atmospheric Science Programme, The University of British Columbia, V6T 1W5 Vancouver, B.C., Canada |
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| Abstract: | Observations show that the urban heat island in the atmospheric layer below roof level is most strongly developed during calm, cloudless conditions at night. This paper outlines two versions of a numerical model to describe the cooling of rural and street canyon surfaces under these conditions using surface thermal and radiative properties and the radiative geometry of the canyons. One version uses a full system of differential equations and the other the simpler force-restore approach. The two approaches are shown to be in general agreement and the output of the simpler model is shown to give a faithful representation of cooling of rural and urban surfaces, and therefore heat islands, when compared with field observations. |
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