土壤水资源的特性及若干指标

在分析作物生长条件下土壤水均衡要素的基础上，探讨了土壤水资源的概念，深入分析了土壤水资源的特性（对降水的依赖性与相关性、不易保存性、不可开采性、就地利用性和可调控性）。提出了土壤水理论无效库容、土壤水最大次调节量、土壤水可利用量等指标，并初步探讨了河北王瞳试验场土壤水资源的特征。王瞳试验场土壤水理论无效库容为３５５ｎｍ，土壤水最大次调节量为３１４ｍｍ；土壤水储存量和土壤水可利用量随气象条件、灌溉以

CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL WATER RESOURCE AND SOME EVALUATING INDEXES

Based on the analysis of soil water balance considering crop transpiration,the concept of soil water resource and its characteristics such as dependence on precipitation,easy consumption,unable exploitation,usability on site and possibility to be controlled are discussed. The ideal unusable reservoir, the maximum adjustable capacity,the usable amount of soil water resource, etc.are proposed to evaluate the characteristics of soil water resource. The ideal unusable reservoir and the maximum adjustable capacity in the Wangtong experimental station, Hebei,China are 355 mm and 314 mm respectively. The storage and the usable amount of soil water resource vary with the situations of meteorology, irrigation and crop growing.The usable amounts of Wangtong in 1994 and 1995 are in the order of (210-380) mm, and the storage of (570-730) mm.