Major factors of the evolution of basins and faults in the Baikal Rift Zone: Tectonophysical analysis |
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Authors: | K Zh Seminsky |
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Institution: | (1) Geological Department, Moscow State University, Vorobjovy Gory, Moscow, Russia 119999 |
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Abstract: | In order to identify the major factors of the formation of the Baikal Rift Zone, tectonophysical analysis is carried out based
on physical modeling with the application of similarity criteria. A single-layer model of elastoplastic clayey paste is superposed
on two metal plates. One of the metal plates is displaced leftward according to the simple shear mechanism and its contact
with the second metal plate has a bend morphologically similar to the Baikal segment of a marginal suture of the Siberian
Craton. This scheme of loading corresponds, to a great extent, to the passive mechanism of rifting; i.e., the deformed layer
is destructed due to strikeslip displacement of blocks and development of pull-apart structure in the model without any uplift
and thermal impact related to the influence of mantle asthenolith in nature. The series of runs reproduces the major spatiotemporal
trends in the evolution of the Baikal Rift Zone. Some experiments achieve for the first time a high degree of similarity in
the morphology and mutual alignment of its main basins. This makes it possible to conclude that the evolution of basins and
faults in the Baikal Rift Zone was governed by the following factors: (1) elastoplastic response of the substrate with a regular
localization of strain; (2) left-lateral displacement of blocks; and (3) the presence of curved (in plan view) initiating
structural heterogeneity. |
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