综合物探技术在松山隧道勘察中的应用

松山隧道线路位于松山国家级自然保护区,勘察过程中不允许对植被造成大面积的破坏,且由于地形地貌的原因,采用传统勘察手段很难查明拟建隧道覆盖层的厚度、地层分界线以及不良地质体的分布情况，因此非常有必要开展先进的物探技术研究，探索一套适用于山区复杂地形条件下的、不破坏地表植被的绿色勘探技术。本文针对复杂地表和绿色勘探技术的需求，在松山隧道勘察中，针对不同位置、不同埋深，采用多种物探方法，结合地质资料进行综合分析，推断了隧道洞口位于碎石和块石中，开挖时应加强边坡加固措施；推断了里程K28+945~K29+100区间，隧道位于强风化基岩中，里程K30+645~K31+360区间内，隧道位于裂隙发育带，该两处开挖时应加强超前预报和支护工作。研究表明，本文提出的多种物探方法结合开展勘察的技术，是一套适用于山区复杂地形、不破坏地表植被的、有效的绿色勘查技术，在隧道勘察前期，应用该技术对隧道开挖区域进行勘查，可以提前掌握隧道开挖区域的地质情况，为隧道施工提供可靠依据,保障隧道施工顺利进行。

Application of integrated geophysical exploration technology to the survey of the Songshan tunnel in Yanqing, Beijing

The Songshan tunnel line is located in the Songshan National Nature Reserve, where large-scale damage to vegetation during the exploration is prohibited. Furthermore, traditional exploration methods are difficult to clarify the overlay thickness, stratigraphic boundary, and the distribution of harmful geology structure of the planned tunnel due to the topography and landforms. Therefore, it is necessary to develop advanced geophysical exploration technology so as to explore a set of green exploration technologies which is suitable for complex terrain conditions in mountainous areas without destroying the surface vegetation. In view of the complex surface and requirement on green exploration technology, this article makes a comprehensive analysis by adopting a variety of geophysical exploration methods combined with geological data for different locations and burial depths during the exploration of the Songshan tunnel. It is inferred that the tunnel entrance is located in gravel and block stone, and slope reinforcement measures should be strengthened during the excavation. It is also inferred that the tunnel is located in a highly weathered bedrock for the tunnel section K28+945~K29+100, and in a fractured zone for the tunnel section K30+645~K31+360, respectively. The advance prediction and support work should be strengthened during these two excavations. The research shows that the proposed various geophysical exploration methods in a combination way are a set of effective green exploration technologies which are applicable to complex mountainous terrain without damaging surface vegetation. At the early stage of the tunnel exploration, the geological conditions of the tunneling area should be clarified in advance by using this kind of exploration techniques, providing reliable basis for the tunnel construction and ensuring smooth tunnel construction.