西南岩溶石山地区岩溶地下水系统划分及其主要特征值统计

岩溶地下水系统是西南岩溶石山地区最基本的水系统，而岩溶地下水系统划分则是正确评价、合理开发利用西南石山地区岩溶地下水资源的重要基础。本文首先按西南岩溶水出露条件划分出3620个岩溶地下水系统，其中地下河系统1179个、岩溶泉系统1152个、集中排泄带岩溶地下水系统562个、分散排泄岩溶地下水系统727个，然后按岩溶含水岩组的出露条件将岩溶地下水系统划分为裸露型（2324个）、裸露覆盖型（108个）、覆盖型（275个）、裸露-埋藏型（98个）、埋藏型（88个）五种类型。除分散排泄岩溶地下水系统外，汇水面积大于1000km^2的其它岩溶地下水系统有26个。在地下河系统中，汇水面积大于10km^2而小于500km^2的有1049个，占88．97％，汇水面积小于100km^2的有711个，占总数的60．3％；在岩溶泉系统中，汇水面积小于50km^2的有814个，占总数的70．66％；在集中排泄带岩溶地下水系统中，汇水面积大于100km^2而小于500km^2的有303个，占总数的53．91％。流量统计结果显示，流量大于1000L／s的岩溶地下水系统有286个，占总数的11．2％，流量大于50L／s至小于500L／s之间的有630个，点总数的63．73％。[ 

Classification of karst groundwater system and statistics of the main characteristic values in Southwest China karst mountain

The groundwater system in karst region is the basic water system in Southwest of China karst mountain. The classification of karst groundwater system is a foundation for estimation and use of water resources there. According to the outcome condition of karst water, 3 620 karst groundwater systems are divided, including 1 179 subterranean streams, 1 152 karst spring systems, 562 concentrated drainage systems and 727 decentralization drainage systems. Being based upon the outcome condition of terrain in karst region, five types are divided: bare karst （2 324）, bare-covered karst（108）, covered karst（275）, bare-buried karst （88）. Except decentralization drainage karst water system, there are 26 karst groundwater systems with the catchments bigger than 1 000 km^2 in area. In subterranean stream systems, there are 1 049 systems with the catchments between 10 km^2and 500 km^2 in area that accounts to 88.97% of the total, 711 ones with the catchments smaller than 100 km^2 in area that accounts to 60. 3%0 of the total. In karst spring systems, there are 814 systems with the catchments smaller than 50 km^2 in area that accounts to 70.66% of the total. In concentrated drainage systems, there are 303 systems with the catchments between 100 km^2 and 500 km^2 in area that accounts to 53.91% of the total. The result of runoff statistics shows that 286 groundwater systems is more than 1 000 L/s in runoff that accounts for 11.2% of the total and 630 ones are between 50 L/s and 500 L/s in runoff that accounts for 63.73% of the total.