GIS支撑下的干旱区水资源及其利用的空间分异研究

干旱区水资源的空间分布不均衡是一种普遍情况。利用GIS的空间分析功能，可以方便的进行干旱区水资源分布和利用状况的空间分析与评价。本文用新方法对新疆水资源分布和利用状况的分析表明，新疆大部分流域水资源丰度较差，水资源总体比较紧张；水资源利用上，除天山北坡各流域已超采或高度开发，不宜进一步开发外，其它流域均有一定开发潜力．尤其是地下水开发潜力较大。

Study on Spatial Differentiation of Water Resources and Their Utilization in Arid Land Based on GIS

Traditionally the studies on the water resources and their utilization pay more attention to the amount of the water resources. However, it is common that the water resources distribution unbalance in the arid land. A new method based GIS is used for analyzing the spatial distinction in water resources and their utilization in Xinjiang, the largest arid land in China. The study gets some new results. It is shown clearly on the maps according to the spatial analysis that most parts of Xinjiang are poor in richness of water resources besides some remote area, which relates to not only the natural conditions, but also the population and the land cultivated. On the utilization of water resources, 5 different types are identified. Urumqi river basin is the only basin in which both the surface and ground water are over exploited. The comprehensive exploitation of water resources is more than 75% of the total water resources in the middle area of northern slope of Tianshan Mountains and Turpan-Hami basin, further exploitation of water resources should be forbidden. Groundwater just stands a little part of the water exploited in most parts of Xinjiang. The exploitation of ground water should be paid more attention in the future.