Testing the ABOx-SC method: Dating known-age charcoals associated with the Campanian Ignimbrite |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, UK;2. Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Australia;3. Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali “G. Sarfatti”, U.R. Ecologia Preistorica, Università di Siena, Italy;4. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Brussels, Belgium;5. Institute of the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia;1. Institut de Recherche sur les Archéomatériaux, UMR 5060 CNRS – Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Centre de Recherche en Physique Appliquée à l''Archéologie (CRP2A), Maison de l''archéologie, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France;2. Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK;3. Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;4. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia;5. Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstr. 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany;6. Department of Archaeology, Boston University, Boston, USA;7. Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany;8. Human Evolution Studies Program and Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada;9. Musée national de Préhistoire, F-24620 Les Eyzies-de-Tayac, France;10. CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, MCC, PACEA, UMR 5199, F-33400 Talence, France;11. Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA;12. Institute for Human Origins, Arizona State University, USA;1. Centre d''Estudis del Patrimoni Arqueològic de la Prehistoria (CEPAP), Facultat de Lletres, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, 08190 Bellaterra, Spain;2. Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca 3, 09002 Burgos, Spain;3. Department of Geography, Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;4. School of Culture, History and Language, College of Asia and the Pacific, Dept. Archaeology and Natural History, The Australian National University, 0200 ACT, Australia;1. Institut für Naturwissenschaftliche Archäologie, Eberhard Karls University, Hölderlinstr. 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany;2. Faculty of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, ul. Krakowskie Przedmieście 26/28, 00-927, Warsaw, Poland;3. Dipartimento di Scienze Storiche e dei Beni Culturali, Università di Siena, Via Roma, 53100, Siena, Italy;1. Archaeology and Natural History, School of Culture History and Language, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University, Australia;2. Archaeology M257, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia;3. Radiocarbon Facility, Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Australia;1. Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia;2. Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain;3. Anthropological and Palaeoenvironmental Department, The Institute of Archaeology of Vietnam, Hanoi, Viet Nam;4. UMR 5288 du CNRS, AMIS Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse, Faculté de chirurgie dentaire, Montrouge, France;5. Département Homme Nature Société, UMR 7206 du CNRS, Muséum National d''Histoire Naturelle, Musée de l''Homme, Paris, France;6. Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre, Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR 7516 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;7. School of Archaeology and Anthropology, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Over the past decade several studies have shown the improvements to radiocarbon chronologies that arise when Acid Base Oxidation-Stepped Combustion (ABOx-SC, Bird et al., 1999) pretreatment methods are applied to the dating of charcoal thought to be >30 ka BP. However, few studies have examined whether the use of ABOx-SC produces dates that are not only older, but accurate on known-age charcoal samples that could not be decontaminated using the routine Acid–Base–Acid (ABA) pretreatment protocol. In this study we date 9 charcoal fragments found below the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) tephra layer, dated by 40Ar/39Ar to 39,230 ± 45 years (De Vivo et al., 2001, Rolandi et al., 2003), from three Palaeolithic sites. When treated with the ABOx-SC pretreatment protocol, the radiocarbon dates provide an accurate terminus post quem for the CI. In contrast, the ABA protocol consistently underestimates the age of the tephra. These results serve as a warning against the use of consistency as an indicator for reliability, demonstrate that the routine ABA method is not sufficient to decontaminate charcoal samples from sites of Palaeolithic age, and show that ABOx-SC produces not only older, but accurate age estimates. |
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