月球冷海玄武岩矿物成分研究

月海玄武岩的矿物组成反映了岩浆源区的化学成分以及岩石形成时的物理和化学环境，对月球热演化研究以及月球资源的开发利用都具有重要意义。本文选择延展范围长的冷海为研究区，基于月球矿物成像光谱仪(Moon Mineralogy Mapper，简称M3)数据研究其矿物的空间变化特征。综合利用光谱、地形、元素等多源遥感数据将冷海划分为25个地质单元。提取169条新鲜坑光谱曲线，获取吸收中心波长、波段面积比等光谱参数。通过光谱吸收特征分析，获得冷海玄武岩铁镁质矿物变化特征。东部冷海地层较老，铁镁质矿物主要为单斜辉石，辉石钙含量较月球样品单斜辉石钙偏低，与澄海以及雨海老的地层矿物组成类似。西部冷海和露湾的地质单元较为年轻，富含橄榄石。风暴洋和雨海年轻玄武岩的矿物也富含橄榄石。这种富含橄榄石、大面积分布的玄武岩反映了月球晚期热演化的独特性。尽管地理上冷海为一个独立的月海，其东西部玄武岩矿物组成的差异以及与其同位置周围月海矿物组成的类似性反映了冷海玄武岩源区与周围月海具有联系。

Mineralogy of Mare Frigoris

Mineral composition of mare basalt reflects chemical composition of magma source together with physical and chemical environments of the rocks formation, which is significant for both researches of origin and evolution of the Moon and exploitation and utilization of lunar resource.In this study, an elongated mare was chosen as our research area, and Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) hyperspectral data was applied to mineral spatial distribution.Mare Frigoris was mapped and characterized into 25 basalt units based on multi source remote sensing data including spectrum, terrain and elements abundance.We extracted 169 spectra curves of fresh craters from M3 hyperspectral image.Spectral parameters such as absorption center and absorption band area ratio were obtained through data processing.Mafic mineral variation of Mare Frigoris basalt was acquired by analyzing reflectance spectras absorption features.Basalt units in eastern Frigoris are older, with mafic mineral dominated by clinopyroxene containing lower CaO compared to returned lunar samples, which is similar to older basalt units in Mare Serenitatis and Mare Imbrium.Basalt units of western Frigoris and Sinus Roris are younger and rich in olivine.And the late stage basalts in Oceanus Procellarum and Mare Imbrium show the same feature too.These wide spread olivine rich basalts suggest the uniqueness in the global evolution of the moon.Geographically speaking, Frigoris is an individual mare, but its source region may have connections with mares around in consideration of mineral differences between western and eastern Frigoris as well as mineral similarities with mares at the same location.