地壳运动的参考框架

由于包括GPS测量在内的大地测量方法都属于相对测量，因此在用大地测量观测结果研究地表观测点的位移时，得到的位移图像与所采用的参考框架有关。介绍了WGS84系列和ITRF系列的两种全球参考框架，包括它们的定义、现实和维持的方法、两者间的一致性以及参考框架的转换。对局部变形分析提出了一种局部参考框架，并讨论了不同情况下参考框架的选用问题。

REFERENCE FRAME FOR CUSTAL MOVEMENT RESEARCH

All the geodetic measuring methods including GPS belong to relatively measuring method. Hence when the displacements of observational stations on the Earth surface are studied with geodetic measurements, the derived displacement patterns depend on adopted reference frame. Selecting a suitable reference frame perfectly becomes an important problem. Two kinds of global reference frame i.e. the frames in WGS84 (World Geodetic System 84) series and ITRF (International Terrestrial Reference Frame) series including their definitions, practices and maintenances are introduced, and the coincidence between the two global reference frames and the transformation to each other are also introduced briefly. For the local deformation analysis, a local reference frame is proposed. The problems related to the selection of reference frame in different situations are also discussed.