岩石节理表面几何特性的三维统计分析

在利用三维非接触式高精度激光表面形状测定仪精确测量岩石节理的表面粗糙形状并进行数值化表达的基础上，应用地理信息系统(GIS)技术，实现了岩石节理粗糙面的三维可视化。再对岩石节理粗糙面的三维几何特性参数（诸如表面粗糙度、裂隙张开度和粗糙高度等）进行统计分析并计算频数分布的特征数字。最后，根据频率直方图的分布趋势和频数分布的特征数字研究各几何特性参数的分布规律。结果表明，花岗岩节理粗糙表面起伏比砂岩大，但二者几何特性参数的分布规律相似，节理粗糙高度和裂隙张开度分布近似于正态分布规律，而节理粗糙面倾斜角分布近似于Γ分布规律。

3D statistic analysis of geometrical properties of a rock joint

Based on precise measurements of topography on artificial irregular rock joint by employing a laser scanning instrument, at first, the joint surface was visualized by using GIS technique. Then the distributions of the geometrical properties such as roughness, aperture and asperity height were analyzed according to the histogram and the characteristic number of frequency distribution. The results showed that the asperity height and the aperture of the rough surface in granite joint and sandstone joint approximate match the normal distribution; while the roughness slope of the rock joints approximate matches Γ- distribution. For different kinds of rock joints, the distribution of the geometrical properties is respectively similar to each other.