可接受风险与灾害研究

灾害风险研究的根本目的就是要回答"怎样的安全才是安全",可接受风险正是解决这一问题的常用方法,其是在现有社会、经济、政治和环境条件下人们认为可以接受的潜在损失。从20世纪60年代末开始,一些国家和地区在生命可接受风险原则和标准上进行了大量探索,但是灾害可接受风险研究还不多。目前可接受风险的主要研究方法有风险矩阵方法、成本效益分析、生活质量指数和FN曲线图法,多以定量风险分析为基础。在总结国内外可接受风险研究的基础上,本文对灾害可接受风险研究进行了展望,期望通过对生命风险、经济风险和环境风险三种表达形式的探索,来促进自然灾害可接受风险的综合研究,应尽快建立符合我国国情的灾害可接受风险标准,达到灾害风险控制和风险管理的目的。

Acceptable Risk and Disaster Research

The purpose of disaster risk assessment is to assess "how safe is safe enough?" Accept-able risk is the common method to answer the question which is defined as the level of potential losses that people considers acceptable given existing social,economic,political and environmen-tal conditions. Many countries and regions had a number of explorations on life acceptable risk,but only a few of them were about disaster acceptable risk,and they focused on three types of dis-aster of landslide,earthquake and floo...