塔额盆地大风、沙尘天气统计特征分析

利用塔额盆地1961-2005年45a间的大风、沙尘、降水等相关气象资料，对盆地内大风、沙尘天气的分布、强度变化、影响范围等进行了统计分析，并对盆地内大风、沙尘天气形成的天气气候条件进行了初步探讨。研究结果表明，塔额盆地沙尘天气一是受地形影响明显，沙尘和强沙尘天气过程的地理分布基本一致，即盆地西部多于东部，并由高纬向低纬渐强；二是有较明显的周期性和季节性变化特点，强沙尘天气的频发周期约为20a左右，沙尘天气春末至夏季最盛，冬季最少；三是与降水和大风的关系密切，降水偏多的年份，沙尘天气偏少，偏东大风引起沙尘天气发生的概率最大。

Analysis of Statistical Characteristics on Gale and Sand-dust Weather in Tacheng-Emin Basin

By using the weather data and relevant information on gale,sand-dust and precipitation event in Tacheng-Emin(Ta-E)Basin in the past 45 years(from 1961 to 2005),this paper makes a detailed statistical analysis on the distribution,intensity change and influence scope of gale and sand-dust event and carries a preliminary study on the weather and climate conditions which formed gale and sand-dust in the basin.The conclusion indicates that sand-dust weather in Ta-E Basin has three characteristics.Firstly,it is obviously influenced by terrain.The geography distribution of sand-dust weather and intensive sand-dust weather are consistent.Their occurring times in the west of the Basin are more than those in the east and it is gradually strengthening from high latitudes to low latitudes.Secondly,it has the obvious periodical and seasonal characteristics.The frequent cycle of intensive sand-dust weather is about 20 years.The sand-dust weather occurs frequently from the end of spring to summer and it seldom occurs in winter.Thirdly,sand-dust weather has a close relationship with precipitation and gale.The sand-dust weather rarely occurs in the year with more precipitation.When gale easterly appears the sand-dust weather occurs with the largest probability.