高分辨率全球尺度水文模型发展综述

主要从高分辨率全球尺度水文模型（HRGHM）的发展历程、模型的一般结构与特点、模型数据集的发展和模型所面临的主要问题等几个方面对全球尺度水文模型的发展情况进行了综述。HRGHM能够使水文学家从全球的角度深入了解水资源的产生及循环过程,并且对相关环境问题的解决、气候的模拟与预报以及水资源的管理具有重要的意义。经过几十年的发展和努力,在全球尺度数据集的研究和发展方面已经取得了丰硕的成果,并且在HRGHM的实践中得以应用,但空间数据的缺乏仍然是其发展的最大羁绊。HRGHM所面临的问题除了数据的匮乏还在于非线性问题、尺度问题和确定性问题等水文机理和技术层面的问题。

An Overview on High-Resolution Globalscale Hydrological Model

In this paper,an overview on High-Resolution Globalscale Hydrological Model(HRGHM) is presented from review of models,summary of general model structure and characteristics,advances in model data set and introduction of problems involved in the model development.HRGHM provides hydrologist an opportunity to look the hydrological properties and variabilities consistently in a global manner.Besides,it also plays a significant role in settling the relevant environment problems,simulation of future climate,water resources management,etc.Despite the plentiful development in global database related with model development,data scarcity is still the biggest problem to HRGHM.Other problems include nonlinear problem,scale problem and uncertainties in the model construction and model practice.