地面气象观测缺测记录替代方法的误差特征分析

以2014年南京、吕泗、淮安三个国家基准气候站的地面气象观测资料,统计分析了不同气象要素采用不同的记录替代方法时产生误差的特征。一般地,用自动站临近正点的分钟数据代替的方法要优于其它方法,越靠近正点的资料误差越小;备份站的资料同现用站相比,存在明显的系统误差,记录代替时宜作订正;为保证气象资料序列的均一性,建议在数据代替时,动态地选择误差较小的代替方法。

Error analysis on the alternatives of the missing surface meteorological observation records

Based on the ground meteorological observation data from Nanjing, Lyusi, and Huaian standard national climate stations in 2014, the error features of different meteorological elements by using different alternative recording methods were analyzed. It proves generally that as an alternative method, the minute data of automatic stations is superior to any other methods, and the closer to the punctuality, the smaller the error is. It suggests that the data from backup stations have obvious systematic errors compared with the active stations, so in order to ensure the uniformity of the meteorological data sequence, the dynamic adoption of the methods with smaller errors is recommended.