社会水文学研究进展

为了推动新兴学科——社会水文学的发展及其在流域水资源管理中的应用,有必要对有关社会水文学的研究工作进行阶段性总结,并对未来的研究方向进行展望。回顾了水文学的发展历程,理解社会水文学产生的背景,阐述社会水文学的概念及其内涵;辨析其与传统水文学、生态水文学和水文经济学等学科在研究内容、方法和理论等方面的异同点;介绍社会水文学的研究进展:本阶段着重于制度、政策和文化等社会因子在水文研究中的表达以及流域示范研究的开展,但大多数研究仍基于传统水文学背景、共进化背景或者水资源管理背景,社会水文学的理论和方法还不够成熟。未来应从以下方面加强社会水文学研究:① 深入开展社会水文学社会部分的定量研究、综合历史分析和水文重建方法、充分利用现有不同流域案例促进过程社会水文学、历史社会水文学和比较社会水文学研究;② 开展社会水文系统社会驱动力的研究,探寻社会水文学的动力机制;③ 引入非线性动力学理论刻画人-水耦合系统的复杂反馈机制,提高社会水文学的普适化数学表述;④ 积极推进“大数据”和知识挖掘技术在社会水文学研究中的应用。

Progress on socio-hydrology

In order to promote the development of socio-hydrology research and its application in basin water resources management, it is necessary to carry on a stage review of the researches and studies on socio-hydrology in recent years and recommend future research directions. The paper firstly introduces the establishment of socio-hydrology from the development of hydrology and explains its concept and connotation, then analyses the differences and similarities in content, method and theory between social-hydrology and traditional hydrology, eco-hydrology and hydro-economics; after that summaries the research progress of social-hydrology. The institution, policy and culture have been strengthened in the hydrological researches and some preliminary and exploratory researches have been carried out in case basins, however most of these studies were still based on either traditional hydrology, co-evolution or water resources management, the theory and method of socio-hydrology has not been fully developed. The following research actions are recommended for the future development of social-hydrology: strengthening quantitative research of its societal part, developing the process, historical and comparative socio-hydrology by historical analysis and hydrological reconstruction, and existing case studies; investigating the driving forces of the societal and hydrological systems to explore their dynamic mechanism; introducing the nonlinear dynamic theory to depict the complex feedback mechanism of the coupling human-water system, improving the generalized mathematical expression of the socio-hydrology; and promoting the application of the "big data" and knowledge mining technology in socio-hydrology research.