基于一致性标准的大城市多中心体系规划实施评估——以杭州为例

基于一致性标准的2个方面——物质空间建设一致性和目标一致性,评估杭州核心建成区多中心体系的规划实施结果。研究发现多中心体系的物质空间建设较成功,现状已建成15个城市级中心,具有较显著的主、副、次3个规模等级,成功引导了空间结构由单主中心向两主多副转变。但是规划目标实现不理想,外围新建的公共中心集聚水平偏低,对传统中心地区过度集聚的公共活动的疏解作用有限,也没有成功优化居住和日常公共活动之间的空间关系。这主要是由于杭州是通过强有力的政策保障多中心体系建设,但经济活动仍倾向于向传统城市中心集聚;城市扩张速度过快导致居住外迁的居民还没有来得及调整居住和日常公共活动之间的空间关系。

Evaluation of the Implementation of Polycentric System Plan in Mega-City Based on Conformance Criteria: A Case Study of Hangzhou City

Evaluations of plan implementation focused on whether the construction of physical space is in accordance with the plan. It is difficult to answer whether the plan target is achieved. This article will evaluate the implementation of the polycentric system plan in Hangzhou core built-up area based on two conformance criteria: Conformance of physical construction and conformance of plan target. The conclusions are as follows. The physical construction of polycentric system is successful. Fifteen city-level centres have been constructed at principal, secondary and sub-secondary levels. Physical construction has successfully guided the transformation of spatial structure from a single principal centre system to two principal centre and multiple sub-centres system. However, the polycentric system fails to achieve the expected effects of the plan target. The level of gathering at newly built public centres are considerably lower than that at traditional public centres, they are hardly to disperse the excessive concentration of public activities from traditional downtown. Meanwhile, the newly built public centres fail to encourage people to visit the nearest blocks for daily public activities. These mainly because the local government enforce the plan by policy, but economic activities still tend to cluster in traditional downtown. What’s more, the expansion of the city is over rapid, residents have not had sufficient time to adjust to the spatial relationship between the residence and daily public activities.